- horizontal conflict
- Маркетинггоризонтальный конфликтконфликт между представителями одного уровня канала распределения
Англо-русский экономический словарь.
Англо-русский экономический словарь.
Organizational conflict — is a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in organizations. There is the inevitable clash between formal authority and power and… … Wikipedia
Thomas Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument — The Thomas Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument is a conflict style inventory, which is a tool developed to measure an individual s response to conflict situations. DevelopmentA number of conflict style inventories have been in active use since the… … Wikipedia
Channel conflict — occurs when manufacturers (brands) disintermediate their channel partners, such as distributors, retailers, dealers, and sales representatives, by selling their products direct to consumers through general marketing methods and/or over the… … Wikipedia
channel conflict — A disagreement between members of a distribution channel Horizontal channel conflict can occur among retailers, if one retailer feels another is competing too vigorously through pricing or is using advertising to invade unauthorized sales… … Big dictionary of business and management
arts, East Asian — Introduction music and visual and performing arts of China, Korea, and Japan. The literatures of these countries are covered in the articles Chinese literature, Korean literature, and Japanese literature. Some studies of East Asia… … Universalium
Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1990-1999) — This is a chronology of activities by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), from 1990 to 1999. For actions before and after this period see Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions. Incidents resulting in at least three… … Wikipedia
Separation (air traffic control) — In air traffic control, separation is the name for the concept of keeping an aircraft outside a minimum distance from another aircraft to reduce the risk of those aircraft colliding, as well as prevent accidents due to wake turbulence. Air… … Wikipedia
South Africa — Republic of, a country in S Africa; member of the Commonwealth of Nations until 1961. 42,327,458; 472,000 sq. mi. (1,222,480 sq. km). Capitals: Pretoria and Cape Town. Formerly, Union of South Africa. * * * South Africa Introduction South Africa… … Universalium
Germany — /jerr meuh nee/, n. a republic in central Europe: after World War II divided into four zones, British, French, U.S., and Soviet, and in 1949 into East Germany and West Germany; East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. 84,068,216; 137,852 sq.… … Universalium
History of Physics — History of Physics † Catholic Encyclopedia ► History of Physics The subject will be treated under the following heads: I. A Glance at Ancient Physics; II. Science and Early Christian Scholars; III. A Glance at Arabian Physics; IV.… … Catholic encyclopedia
Evolution — This article is about evolution in biology. For other uses, see Evolution (disambiguation). For a generally accessible and less technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to evolution. Part of a series on … Wikipedia